Current Issue : October-December Volume : 2021 Issue Number : 4 Articles : 5 Articles
This investigation presents an energy harvesting IC (integrated circuit) for piezoelectric materials as a substitute for battery of a wearable biomedical device. It employs a voltage multiplier as first stage which uses water bucket fountain approach to boost the very low voltage generated by the piezoelectric. The boosted voltage was further improved by the boost DC/DC converter which follows a predefined timing control directed by the digital logic for the said converter to be operated efficiently. TSMC 40-nm CMOS process was used for implementation and fabrication of the energy harvesting IC. The chip’s core has an area of 0.013 mm2. With an output of 1 V which is enough to supply the wearable biomedical devices, it exhibited the highest pump gain and accommodated the lowest piezoelectric generated voltage among recent related works....
This paper presents a CMOS active rectifier with a time-domain technique to enhance power efficiency. A delay compensation circuit was designed using a time-domain technique. It converts the delay buffer’s delay time to a voltage value. The voltage is able to control on/off time in the comparator for variable input voltage. This circuit is designed in 0.18 m CMOS process. The input voltage range is from 2 V to 3.8 V with the output voltage from 1.8 V to 3.6 V. The efficiency can be maintained at more than 83% when the load is from 100 W to 1300 W for 3.3 V input voltage. The maximum efficiency is 90.3% at output power to be 109 mW for 3.3 V input voltage....
This paper presents a single-pole 32-throw (SP32T) switch with an operating frequency of up to 6 GHz for 5G communication applications. Compared to the traditional SP32T module implemented by the waveguide package with large volume and power, the proposed switch can significantly simplify the system with a smaller size and light weight. The proposed SP32T scheme utilizing tree structure can dramatically reduce the dc power and enhance isolation between different output ports, which makes it suitable for low-power 5G communication. A design methodology of a novel transmission (ABCD) matrix is proposed to optimize the switch, which can achieve low insertion loss and high isolation simultaneously. The average insertion loss and the isolations are 1.5 and 35 dB at 6 GHz operating frequency, respectively. The switch exhibits the measured input return loss which is better than 10 dB at 6 GHz. The 1 dB input compression point of SP32T is 15 dBm. The prototype is designed in 5 V 0.25 m GaAs technology and occupies a small area of 12 mm2....
In this paper, a predictive model is developed to characterize the impact of high-frequency electromagnetic interference (EMI) on the leakage current of CMOS integrated circuits. It is shown that the frequency dependence can be easily described by a transfer function that depends only on a few dominant parasitic elements. The developed analytical model is successfully compared against measurement data from devices fabricated using 180 nm, 130 nm, and 65 nm standard CMOS processes through TSMC. Based on the predictive model, the impact of EMI on leakage current in a CMOS inverter is reduced by increasing the frequency from 10 MHz to 4 GHz....
Network quantization becomes a crucial step when deploying deep models to the edge devices as it is hardware-friendly, offers memory and computational advantages, but it also suffers performance degradation as the result of limited representation capability. We address this issue by introducing conditional computing to low-bit quantized networks. Instead of using a fixed, single kernel for each layer, which usually does not generalize well across all input data, our proposed method tries to use multiple parallel kernels dynamically in conjunction with the winner-takes-all gating mechanism to select the best one to propagate information. Overall, our proposed method improves upon the prior work, without adding much computational overhead, results in better classification performance on the CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 datasets....
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